Comparison of the Spread of News Through Newspapers vs Digitization

Putri Maryatul Sa'diah N

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ABSTRACT

Keywords : Newspaper , Digitization , Media , Technologi

INTRODUCTION

Digitization is clear even to the most casual observer of the historical profession that research practices are being gradually transformed by the digitization of archives and primary sources. So many new digital resources are being released-cabinet papers, parliamentary proceedings, sound recordings, photographic collections-that it is difficult to keep up with the riches available. One of the most useful of these developments for modern British historians is the digitization of a number of significant newspaper archives. Although there was once widespread scepticism about using newspapers because of their doubtful accuracy and their ephemeral nature, ever since the 'cultural turn'and the increasing scholarly interest in language, representation and meaning, there are few who deny the value of newspaper content for understanding politics, culture and society. In recent years, the main obstacles to the use of newspapers have been practical-in particular, the inconvenience of accessing them and the difficulties of finding relevant material amongst the sheer quantity of content published. Digitization removes both of these central problems and raises the prospect of a far greater and more sophisticated engagement with newspaper content. Nevertheless, there are a number of methodological issues that need to be addressed if researchers are to avoid some of the pitfalls of digital searching. This article will provide a brief overview of the newspaper resources available and reflect on the opportunities and challenges. Newspapers were often identified with the press, but because the definition of the press was broad, nowadays electronic media is now also categorized as media. For this reason, the definition of press in a narrow sense, the press only includes print media, one of which is newspapers. Newspapers are a collection of news, articles, stories, advertisements and so on which are printed on flipchart paper sheets that are published regularly, and can be published. every day or once a week. According to Onong Uchjana Effendy, "Newspapers are printed sheets that contain reports that occur in the community with the characteristics of being published periodically, of a general nature, the contents of which are up-to-date and current on anything and anywhere in the world for the readers to know". In the digital era, digitizing the archive of newspaper news articles is very important to do. Digitalization needs to be done to facilitate access to information acquisition for students and the general public.The presence of digital technology and the internet is one of the important determinants in bringing up multimedia devices, such as print media which currently also has a digital version (online). One of Jogja's local print media, Tribun Jogja, already has a digital version. This has an effect on information and communication models, both from the distribution of significant changes in the flow of production and consumption. The pattern of one way communication which is a characteristic of conventional media eventually continues to transform into two way communication and in turn forms of communication (interactivity communication). The need for communication interactivity that allows people to share things without delay is the weak point of conventional technology and, on the other hand, is the basis for the development of convergence. Media convergence makes audiences have more choices of media with increasingly diverse content (Grant and Wilkinson, 2009). In 2012 Indonesia was recorded as being ranked eighth in the use of smart phones with an estimated 27 million users which was the result of a 36 percent increase in growth from the previous year (www.tempo.com). The fact that reinforces the lifestyle shift due to technology leads to the interactivity of these trends, the assumption that platforms with convergence are inevitable. When business people, especially those who are exposed, the direct impact of changes in media consumption patterns is the reduction in the number of newspapers circulated. Mario Garcia (2009) charting the cycle engaged in mass media has seen an opportunity for the unification of the functions of the various business domains that it has converged. to facilitate the trend. The conversation about newspapers because it is interesting is related to the development of analog to digital technology. Various forms of new media become an alternative for the community to get the phenomenon of information. the latest from the development of media, namely media technology that allows the convergence of computer technology (Straubhaar, 2009). Computer and gadget users to access the internet are also increasing along with accessing it. That way, the time spent watching television or reading newspapers and magazines automatically decreases. With the development of this technology, people have started to switch media

LITERATUR REVIEW

Technological changes over the past two decades have challenged the conventional practices of media practitioners all over the world, and the roles of media organizations and journalists are being redefined. However, despite the sharp growth of news consumption online, the media’s economy is in critical condition. In China, this is further complicated by the continuing extensive involvement of the political authorities in the process of media digitization. Digitization is a media convergence process related to the very creation of a new medium, including the restructuring of the media organization, the redefinition of roles and the reshaping of news gathering, editing and publishing practices. This process is a continuous negotiation that involves different forces, which cannot be interpreted within a simple binary framework. Using the example of Pengpai (also known as The Paper), this study examines the complexity of the digitization process in relation to different social and political forces, and demonstrates how digitization shapes news output. The presence of digital technology and the internet is one of the important determinants in bringing up multimedia devices, such as print media which currently also has a digital version (online). One of Jogja's local print media, Tribun Jogja, already has a digital version. This has an effect on information and communication models, both from the distribution of significant changes in the flow of production and consumption. The pattern of one way communication which is a characteristic of conventional media eventually continues to transform into two way communication and in turn forms of communication (interactivity communication). The need for communication interactivity that allows people to share things without delay is the weak point of conventional technology and, on the other hand, is the basis for the development of convergence. Digital media, also referred to by many as "New Media", is the use of internet-assisted mobile computers (blogs, e-books and video games) to create and distribute content and other physical manifestations such as flash memory sticks, hard drives among others. Some scholars prefer to define digital media as in contrast to "analog", "mass media" in relation to "new media" and so on. The history of digital media documents the move of computers from glorified calculators to devices that transformed human communication, entertainment, and creative production, linking digital media to machines and earlier interactive media. The concept of digital or new media in a global context, the internet and new media production. This article closes the opportunities, challenges, and way forward for developing the use of digital media technology in Indonesia. Sources of material for this article include published and unpublished academic articles, media reports, and personal and institutional biographies. During a period of rapid growth in technology has provided humanity with the most reliable and convenient way to store information. It is a known fact that digital media has influenced and continues to influence traditional media in the production and distribution of content in several ways. There appears to be a very serious competition between traditional print media (newspapers) and digital media. The speed at which new media releases their news is unprecedented and unmatched. Digital media has made it easy for people to find the latest information and updates online. More and more news sources are emerging which results in diversifying news and preventing monopolies.

Every media has its market. The situation of Indonesian society cannot be generalized, especially in terms of the economy, so conventional media will still exist in society. Print media is considered more credible or trustworthy and minimal hoaxes because the process is quite long by going through several editing processes. The choice of media as a source of information also becomes a marker of one's education and thoughts. Advertisers in print media are also wider than other media. From hotels, educational institutions, to middle-class shops, there are still many who flood advertisements in print media. It's no exaggeration if some of the things above strengthen the existence of print media from the business side. So is the radio. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, media consumers have experienced significant changes, especially television consumers. Both the audience and the duration of watching it, both experienced an increase. In addition to accessing the latest news and information about Covid-19, the policy of working and studying from home is also one of the triggers for the increase in television viewers. Consumers will adjust the goods or services they need. As with cosmetics, users will choose which ones are appropriate and suitable for their skin. The media also has its own fans. Either because it suits your needs, comfort, or other reasons. Every media has its market. The situation of Indonesian society cannot be generalized, especially in terms of the economy, so conventional media will still exist in society. Print media is considered more credible or trustworthy and minimal hoaxes because the process is quite long by going through several editing processes. The choice of media as a source of information also becomes a marker of one's education and thoughts. Advertisers in print media are also wider than other media. From hotels, educational institutions, to middle-class shops, there are still many who flood advertisements in print media. It's no exaggeration if some of the things above strengthen the existence of print media from the business side. So is the radio. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, media consumers have experienced significant changes, especially television consumers. Both the audience and the duration of watching it, both experienced an increase. In addition to accessing the latest news and information about Covid-19, the policy of working and studying from home is also one of the triggers for the increase in television viewers. Consumers will adjust the goods or services they need. As with cosmetics, users will choose which ones are appropriate and suitable for their skin. The media also has its own fans. Either because it suits your needs, comfort, or other reasons. Scholars and students now have access to billions of educational resources such as e-books to read, purchase, or download for free on the internet. Another initiative introduced by digital media is online learning or distance education. People in the world can now have access to education in the comfort of their homes (UNESCO, 2018. This is supported by a study by Adu et al, (2018) which reported that the internet and e-learning services have drastically improved in universities- universities in Indonesia so far. The evolution of digital media has made more people realize the important role of the internet and believe that digital media has a greater opportunity to shape and change the world today and in the future. Opportunities and Challenges of Digital Media in Indonesia :

•Opportunity: Can develop with more variations, not through listening and reading media, but by being able to chat information transactions

•Challenges: Hoax, Fake News and Block

experts believe the traditional news media, will be affected drastically, leading to so many folds, they will most likely never completely go out. Experts propose that traditional news media outlets should adopt innovative ways to stay relevant in the media. Print media is considered more credible or trustworthy and minimal hoaxes because the process is quite long by going through several editing processes. The choice of media as a source of information also becomes a marker of one's education and thoughts. Advertisers in print media are also wider than other media. From hotels, educational institutions, to middle-class shops, there are still many who flood advertisements in print media. It's no exaggeration if some of the things above strengthen the existence of print media from the business side. So is the radio. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, media consumers have experienced significant changes, especially television consumers. Both the audience and the duration of watching it, both experienced an increase. In addition to accessing the latest news and information about Covid-19, the policy of working and studying from home is also one of the triggers for the increase in television viewers. Consumers will adjust the goods or services they need. As with cosmetics, users will choose which ones are appropriate and suitable for their skin. The media also has its own fans. Either because it suits your needs, comfort, or other reasons.

CONCLUSION

Newspapers are a collection of news, articles, stories, advertisements and so on which are printed on flipchart paper sheets that are published regularly, and can be published. every day or once a week. The fact that digital media is now an indispensable part of the global community is undeniable. The daily activities of millions of citizens around the world rely solely on the power of digital media. In order to establish the necessary framework for survival from turbulence, all stakeholders in digital media in Ghana and Africa need a coordinated strategy to migrate from “analog” to mobile phones, the internet, and to produce the necessary content that is accessible to most people. citizen. The legal framework for regulating digital media is also very important because of the support of communication and information technology. They can consume news from conventional media such as newspapers, television and radio, but also they can consume news from internet-based media such as news portals, digital media, social media. The two categories of media have different characteristics in their production and distribution, which will have consequences on their consumption patterns. This study attempts to explain the consumption patterns that occur in conventional media and internet media in audiences with different levels of digital literacy, namely the digital native, settler and immigrant generation. The results of the study show that the audience of the digital native generation is more mainstream in consuming internet-based news media, compared to the digital settier generation and however they are not immigrants. completely increase the sources of conventional news media sources, especially for the digital settler and immigrant generations. Digital media must be seen as an instrument of development and prosperity. While digital media has evolved and made our lives better, it also has the potential to cause chaos and unintended damage to our society. What is required of us to make the most of digital media is wisely maximizing its opportunities and minimizing its shortcomings. The presence of digital technology and the internet is one of the important determinants in bringing up multimedia devices, such as print media which currently also has a digital version (online).

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